Stefan Batory Stefan Batory Władysław IV Casimir the Great John III Sobieski Sigismund III Vasa

March 19, 1542 March 19, 1542 May 10, 1545 April 15, 1540 July 5, 1541 June 22, 1543

Colonization of new lands Development of culture, art and science Construction of new cities Introduction of Christianity Agrarian reform Development of culture, art and science

1594 1570 1600 1594 1580 1610

University of Padua University of Bologna University of Padua University of Ferrara University of Kraków University of Vienna

Creation of literature and prose Colonization of new lands Creation of literature and prose Introduction of Christianity Agrarian reform Construction of new cities

Agrarian reform Construction of new cities Introduction of Christianity Creation of poetry and literature Colonization of new lands Creation of poetry and literature

1580 1600 1580 1570 1590 1560

Italian Renaissance Baroque Italian Renaissance Rococo Classicism Gothic

Victories in the wars with Russia and military reforms Colonization of new lands Construction of new cities Introduction of Christianity Victories in the wars with Russia and military reforms Agrarian reform