Introduction of Christianity Defeat of the Teutonic Order and gaining access to the Baltic Sea Agrarian reform Unification with Lithuania Defeat of the Teutonic Order and gaining access to the Baltic Sea Colonisation of new lands

Regaining Livonia and strengthening Poland's position Colonization of new lands Introduction of Christianity Regaining Livonia and strengthening Poland's position Unification with Lithuania Agrarian reform

1585-1590 1595-1600 1550-1555 1577-1582 1577-1582 ​​1560-1565

Colonization of new lands Founding of the city of Zamość and the Zamoyski Academy Construction of new cities Agrarian reform Founding of the city of Zamość and the Zamoyski Academy Introduction of Christianity

July 5, 1541 May 10, 1545 June 22, 1543 April 15, 1540 March 19, 1542 March 19, 1542

Colonization of new lands Creation of literature and prose Agrarian reform Construction of new cities Creation of literature and prose Introduction of Christianity

Bishop and Cardinal King of Poland and Duke of Lithuania Grand Marshal of the Crown and Grand Treasurer of the Crown Grand Chancellor of the Crown and Grand Hetman of the Crown Field Hetman of the Crown and Voivode Grand Chancellor of the Crown and Grand Hetman of the Crown

Signing of the Peace of Jam Zapolski Signing of the Peace of Toruń Signing of the Peace of Riga Signing of the Peace of Oliwa Signing of the Peace of Jam Zapolski Signing of the Peace of Warsaw

Stefan Batory John III Sobieski Sigismund III Vasa Casimir the Great Stefan Batory Władysław IV

University of Vienna University of Padua University of Bologna University of Ferrara University of Kraków University of Padua